Power Surge 1.6

Power Surge 1.6

Volume 1, Issue 6
March 7, 2016 – March 13, 2016
Jason Mulderrig | Anushka Dasgupta


Oil and Gas:
Duke Energy Ditching its Coal Plants While Embracing Natural Gas and Renewables http://www.forbes.com/sites/kensilverstein/2016/03/10/duke-energy-ditching-its-coal-plants-while-embracing-natural-gas-and-renewables/2/#12f9c83720e7
March 10, 2016 | Ken Silverstein                                                                                                          As of recent, electric utilities have been transitioning from coal-based electricity generation to natural gas-based electricity generation – with some renewables in the mix here and there. This switch has been made to meet the new environmental regulations of the Obama administration. However, the nation’s largest electric utility, Duke Energy, has been quietly transitioning from coal-based to natural gas/renewables based electricity generation for the last decade. In addition, Duke has also been investing in regional natural gas distribution companies as a continued push for diversification of its capital. As a result, Duke is in a proactive position to continue to make its electricity generation cleaner across the board in order to satisfy its customers and the government. -JPM

Market Rises on Energy Companies’ Gains                                                     http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/12/business/daily-stock-market-activity.html?_r=0
March 11, 2016 | Associated Press                                                                                                             Renewed action from the European Central Bank – including loans to banks and cuts on interest rates – has increased investor confidence in European markets. The U.S. energy market has also been making a comeback over the last month, with oil and gas companies restructuring in the wake of plummeting prices. The dollar is on the rise, and some say that the price of oil has finally bottomed out. Partly due to the rallying energy market, the S&P is up 11 percent from mid-February. Still, it’s been a quick turn of events and policy changes after presidential election could spell trouble. Interestingly, natural gas could buoy up the markets even if nations such as Venezuela and Saudi Arabia fail to set restrictions on their oil production. In light of climate talks, natural gas is being touted as a desirably “clean-burning” fossil fuel, and the U.S. continues to exploit ample natural gas reserves through fracking. -AD

MIT Researchers Turn Waste Gas into Liquid Fuel                                                  http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/mar/07/mit-researchers-turn-waste-gas-into-liquid-fuel
March 7, 2016 | Damian Carrington                                                                                                         Researchers at MIT have recently developed a technique that converts waste gas emissions into oil at a commercial scale. The researchers have tested the process at a pilot plant outside of Shanghai, China for the past six months, and are set to begin construction of a full sized demonstration plant that mirrors current power plants, steel mills, and garbage dumps. This process serves as an alternative to biogas production plants by running cleaner than biogas plants, by producing oil, which is used at a much larger scale than biogas is today, and by having the potential to use a wide variety of materials as ingredients for the process as compared to biogas. -JPM


Solar:
Whole Foods Plans 100 Rooftop Solar Systems                                    http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/09/business/energy-environment/whole-foods-plans-100-rooftop-solar-systems.html
March 8, 2016 | Diane Cardwell                                                                                                  SolarCity and NRG, which happens to have headquarters here in Princeton as well as in Houston, TX, will soon be installing solar systems at Whole Foods stores in nine states. For Whole Foods, the move both keeps with the company’s green image and cuts utility costs as the retailer braces for competition from other specialty stores. NRG is also looking forward to the collaboration since large-scale installations make for economies of scale; while residential solar systems must be customized to each home, the Whole Foods will use a similar design at all its stores. On the other hand, NRG may reconsider ventures for home solar and vehicle charging stations. -AD


Nuclear:
Fukushima: Five Years After Japan’s Worst Nuclear Disaster                   http://www.cnn.com/2016/03/08/asia/fukushima-five-year-anniversary/
March 8, 2016 | Will Ripley, Junko Ogura, and James Griffiths                                                                                                 This week saw the five-year-anniversary of the Fukushima nuclear reactor meltdown, the worst nuclear disaster since Chernobyl in 1986. What’s been taking place at the site since? An astonishing 400 tons of water is pumped into the plant daily to cool its reactors; the water is then dumped in tanks at the site. Contaminated soil around the site has been collected and bagged, but it’s unclear how the government will eventually dispose of the highly radioactive waste. After the disaster, the nation which once sourced 30 percent of its power from nuclear plants essentially shut down nuclear power until last August, when a reactor was reopened in Sendai. There is strong opposition to going back to nuclear power despite the cripplingly high cost of importing fossil fuels. Environmental organizations in Japan are pushing for investment in solar, wind, and thermal energy. -AD

Power Surge 1.5

Power Surge 1.5

Volume 1, Issue 5
February 29, 2016 – March 6, 2016
Jason Mulderrig | Anushka Dasgupta


Oil and Gas:
Aubrey McClendon Attracted Controversy, Outrage, and Lots of Natural Gas http://fortune.com/2016/03/03/aubrey-mcclendon-chesapeake-energy-natural-gas/
March 3, 2016 | Cyrus Sanati                                                                                                              In the past few weeks, the Power Surge has covered the floundering of the Chesapeake Energy. Things got even worse for Chesapeake Energy this week when their chief executive, Aubrey McClendon, was indicted on charges of bid rigging on Tuesday. Then, the next day, McClendon tragically died in a fiery single car crash in Oklahoma City. That brought the end to a man who was super influential in building up the American natural gas industry, partucilarly through his work at Chesapeake. However, McClendon was also known for malpractice. For instance, in 2008, at the height of the market panic on Wall Street, Chesapeake shareholders suffered (and eventually sued) when McClendon sold 94% of his personal stock in Chesapeake, and then took home the highest CEO salary in the nation that year. Reuters also revealed that McClendon was running a secret $200 million natural gas hedge fund – a blatant breach of conflict-of-interest for McClendon. Finally, in the late 2000s, McClendon secretly borrowed over $1 billion from companies linked to Chesapeake to buy personal stakes in various natural gas wells. In McClendon’s death, we are reminded that even though he helped build up the US energy industry, he emerged without his hands completely clean. -JPM

Can fracking power Europe?                                                          http://www.nature.com/news/can-fracking-power-europe-1.19464
March 1, 2016 | Mason Inman                                                                                                               In response to the success of the US shale boom in the late 2000s and early 2010s, several European countries have been investigating the viability of fracking to increase their oil output. A successful fracking front would stimulate the economy of European countries, increase their energy independence, and loosen their reliance on Russia for their energy needs. However, only two European countries have given a serious effort to fracking, and both have been unsuccessful thus far. The first, Poland, was once predicted by a study conducted by an American energy consulting firm to have 5,295 billion cubic metres of recoverable gas. However, Poland’s gas potential has been found to be dramatically lower than predicted due to the extreme depth of the gas deposits and the richness of undesirable clay in those deposits. The other country, the UK, has a lower potential of recoverable gas, but is pursuing fracking due to extreme reliance on energy imports and the desire to phase out coal-fired power plants by 2025. However, due to several earthquakes caused by fracking and public outcry for the unaesthetic nature of fracking equipment, fracking process has slowed down considerably in the UK. -JPM


China:
China Cuts Coal Use for Second Year in a Row                                           http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/china-cuts-coal-use-for-second-year-in-a-row/
March 1, 2016 | Jean Chemnick                                                                                                        China announced last Monday that its coal consumption decreased for the second year in a row. This announcement bodes well for China’s commitment towards the pledges made at the COP21 conference in Paris this past December. The fall in Chinese coal consumption is influenced by the recent economic slowdown in China, a reordering of the Chinese economy by its government from heavy industry-centered economy to a more service-oriented economy, and an attack by the government on air pollution. Even though this announcement came as good news to many, a major question remains: How accurate is the data that China is releasing? This question needs to be asked because studies have shown that China has severely-underreported its coal usage in the past. Even though China’s energy reporting has not been the most reliable in the past, this announcement still comes as good news for those hopeful that China will lead the world towards meeting the COP21 standards. -JPM

China Includes Green Cap in Economic Blueprint                                         http://www.wsj.com/articles/china-includes-green-cap-in-economic-blueprint-1457164553   https://global.factiva.com/ha/default.aspx#./!?&_suid=1457197999482047886442798873374
March 5, 2016 | Brian Spegele                                                                                                        Note: The first link provided above leads to the article on the Wall Street Journal website, which requires a subscription to access. As usual, we include a second link to the article in the Factiva database – log in using your Princeton netid and password!                                                                                 On Saturday, the Chinese government released its draft of an economic blueprint for the next five years – and for the first time, the blueprint includes a what WSJ calls a “hard energy-consumption cap.” Although China is targeting an average economic growth rate of 6.5% each year for the next five years, the government promises to cap energy consumption at the equivalent of 5 billion metric tons of coal by 2020. Interestingly, it will also push for the growth of its natural gas industry. Some see this move as a commitment to clean energy and the environment, especially in light of last year’s Paris talks on climate change.                                                                                 Read the short Bloomberg article below for the alternate viewpoint that China’s consumption was slowing on its own and that the cap will require little planning to achieve. -AD

China Sets Energy Consumption Cap Researcher Deems “Loose”                                       http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-03-05/china-sets-energy-consumption-cap-that-researcher-deems-loose
March 5, 2016 | Bloomberg News


Solar:
First Solar’s Cells Break New Efficiency Record                            https://www.technologyreview.com/s/600922/first-solars-cells-break-efficiency-record/#/set/id/600946/
March 3, 2016 | Richard Martin                                                                                                         First Solar, the major American manufacturer of commercial cadmium telluride solar panels, has announced record-breaking efficiencies in its new experimental solar cells. Although conventional silicon solar cells power 90 percent of today’s solar energy market, cadmium telluride cells have a higher theoretical efficiency – above 30 percent photovoltaic conversion. First Solar says it has achieved 22.1 percent efficiency. While many CdTe solar manufacturers have struggled in recent years (General Electric went back on plans for a $300 million plant in 2013), First Solar has grown by focusing on utility rather than rooftop power, and expanding its research and development team. In theory, solar thin film technology is cheaper and easier to manufacture than silicon. Companies such as First Solar are pushing to make it truly commercially viable. -AD